COMPLAS 2023

Numerical Study of an Arterial Adaptation to the Implementation of a Simplified Stent

  • Lisac, Ana (University of Zagreb)
  • Virag, Lana (University of Zagreb)
  • Karšaj, Igor (University of Zagreb)

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The growth and remodeling (G&R) model of soft tissues has been frequently in use, and it has helped broaden our current understanding of biochemical and biomechanical processes and predict disease progression [1]. It can also be used to predict vascular adaptation to external support, such as graft or stent. Stents are usually constructed from longitudinal segments called struts that can be arranged to form various shapes that have different influences on the arterial wall. Stent-induced increase in wall stresses triggers the growth and remodeling processes in the arterial wall. The most known risks and complications after the stenting procedure are stent thrombosis (ST) and in-stent restenosis (ISR). ST is mostly linked to changes in hemodynamic factors, such as wall shear stress and oscillatory shear index. On the other hand, ISR, a gradual re-narrowing of the stented segment that occurs mostly between 3 to 12 months after stent placement, is likely caused, at least partially, by increased production of wall constituents due to increased wall stresses. A 3D-constrained mixture G&R model was implemented in a finite element analysis program and applied to abdominal aortic aneurysms [2], and in this study is adapted for artery. In this work, we investigate the adaptation of a carotid artery to the implementation of a stent with simplified geometry, such as a thin cylinder. The mechanical impact on the artery is studied, such as the locations of the highest stresses and arterial wall constituents production, related to probable locations of neointima formation. [1] J. D. Humphrey, “Constrained Mixture Models of Soft Tissue Growth and Remodeling – Twenty Years After,” J. Elast., vol. 145, no. 1–2, pp. 49–75, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s10659-020-09809-1. [2] N. Horvat, L. Virag, G. A. Holzapfel, J. Sorić, and I. Karšaj, “A finite element implementation of a growth and remodeling model for soft biological tissues : Verification and application to abdominal aortic aneurysms,” Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., vol. 352, pp. 586–605, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.cma.2019.04.041.